Jun 22, 2026 - Foods
New EU regulations for genome editing in plants adopted
The European Parliament adopted new regulations for so-called New Genomic Techniques (NGT) on June 17, 2026. The regulations will come into effect in mid-2028 and aim to adapt the legal framework for modern plant breeding techniques to the current state of science.
NGT allows for targeted modifications of plant DNA. Unlike classical genetically modified organisms (GMOs), foreign genes are generally not introduced. Many of the changes produced could also theoretically arise through natural processes or conventional breeding – albeit much slower.
In the future, gene-edited plants will be divided into two categories:
NGT-1: Plants with limited genetic modifications that could also have arisen through conventional breeding methods. These are largely treated like conventionally bred plants.
NGT-2: Plants with more complex genetic modifications. For them, the stringent EU regulations for genetically modified organisms (GMOs) still apply, including risk assessment, approval, labeling, and traceability.
Important: Plants with herbicide resistance or the ability to produce insecticidal substances cannot be classified as NGT-1.
Opportunities for Agriculture and Consumers
The EU expects the use of NGT to lead to, among other things:
- Faster development of climate and pest-resistant plant varieties
- Higher yields and reduced resource consumption
- Reduced use of fertilizers and plant protection products
- More supply security and reduced import dependency
- Longer lasting and potentially healthier foods
- Less food waste
Outlook
With the new regulations, the EU aims to promote innovation in sustainable agriculture while maintaining high safety and environmental standards. The implementation of the regulations will begin in mid-2028 and will significantly influence the future development of plant breeding, agriculture, and food production in Europe.
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